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目的探讨心理干预对产后下生殖道感染及盆底肌恢复的影响。方法选取来院进行产前检查的妇女300例,分为宣教组和对照组,每组各150例。宣教组于产前进行围生期保健、盆底肌康复方法宣教、个人卫生、膳食营养、心理健康等知识的心理干预,对照组未实行心理干预。对两组阴道感染情况、盆底肌力恢复方面进行比较。结果宣教组阴道分泌物常见感染阳性率低于对照组,产后妇女加德纳杆菌感染引起的细菌性阴道病高于滴虫、假丝酵母菌感染引起的阴道炎。宣教组盆底肌力恢复情况优于对照组,产后42 d宣教组的阴道静息压、盆底收缩压及Ⅰ类肌纤维、Ⅱ类肌纤维的各项指标均明显高于对照组。经电刺激联合生物反馈治疗后,两组各项检测指标较治疗前均有显著提高,但检测指标两组间差异均无统计学意义。结论产前进行心理干预降低了产后妇女阴道感染发病率,对盆底肌功能的恢复具有促进作用,对于促进产后康复,提高妇女生活质量具有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the effect of psychological intervention on post-partum lower genital tract infection and pelvic floor muscle recovery. Methods 300 women who came to hospital for prenatal examination were selected and divided into mission group and control group with 150 cases in each group. The mission group conducted psychological interventions such as perinatal care, pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation methods of education, personal hygiene, dietary nutrition, mental health and other knowledge, while the control group did not implement psychological intervention. The two groups of vaginal infections, pelvic floor muscle strength were compared. Results The positive rate of common infection of vaginal secretions in mission group was lower than that in control group. Bacterial vaginosis caused by Gardnerella bacillus infection in postpartum women was higher than vaginitis caused by Trichomonas and Candida infection. The recovery of pelvic floor muscles in mission group was better than that in control group. The vaginal resting pressure, pelvic floor systolic pressure, type I myofibers and type II myofibers in mission group at postnatal day 42 were significantly higher than those in control group. After the combination of electrical stimulation and biofeedback, the detection indexes of both groups were significantly increased compared with that before treatment, but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the detection indexes. Conclusion Prenatal psychological intervention reduces the incidence of vaginal infections in postpartum women and plays a role in the recovery of pelvic floor muscle function, which is of great significance for promoting postpartum rehabilitation and improving women’s quality of life.