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一个完整的切削加工系统不仅仅包括切削刀片,还包括机床与刀具连接系统。车-车拉是目前曲轴加工主要加工工艺,其刀具系统包括刀片与刀夹,而车-车单元切削刀夹往往由于侧壁容易在交变载荷的作用下引起疲劳断裂而失效。本文围绕刀夹寿命的影响因素为研究对象,通过金属材料的疲劳寿命与应力的数学关系式,测得实际切削时刀夹所受的切削力,应用三维造型软件建立刀夹模型,然后利用ANSYS有限元加载切削力,模拟仿真实际切削过程中刀夹侧壁所受到的应力随侧壁厚度的变化情况,最后利用MATLAB拟合建立刀夹寿命与侧壁厚度的关系式。鉴于实际加工中刀夹侧壁厚度与切削刃有效切削长度的关系,为了平衡切削效率与刀夹寿命之间的矛盾,因此选择最佳的刀夹侧壁厚度为3~3.5 mm。
A complete machining system includes not only cutting inserts, but also machine and tool attachment systems. Car-car pull is the main processing crankshaft processing technology, the cutting tool system includes the blade and the tool holder, and car-car unit cutting tool holder often due to the side wall under the action of alternating load fatigue failure caused by failure. In this paper, the factors that affect the life of the tool holder are taken as the research object. Through the mathematical relationship between the fatigue life and the stress of the metal material, the cutting force of the tool holder during the actual cutting is measured. The tool holder model is established by using the three- Finite element loading cutting force is used to simulate the change of the stress on the side wall of the tool holder with the thickness of the side wall in the actual cutting process. Finally, the relation between the tool life and the thickness of the side wall is established by using MATLAB fitting. In view of the relationship between the thickness of the side wall of the tool and the effective cutting length of the cutting edge in actual machining, in order to balance the contradiction between the cutting efficiency and the life of the tool holder, the optimal thickness of the side wall of the tool holder is selected to be 3 to 3.5 mm.