一、研究简史在中国旧石器时代考古学的发展史上,观音洞文化的发现与研究,是占有一定地位的。观音洞的标本一直是引人注目、不断发人深思的材料。研究和认识这些标本,确定它们的性质以及同其他旧石器文化的关系,就成为我们探索的课题。观音洞遗址发现于1964年冬,先后发掘过四次。第一次发掘(1964年冬至1965年初)探明了观音洞旧石器文化的存在,同时获得十多种可识别的伴出的哺乳动物化石。第二次发掘(1965年冬)进一步确定了石器和化石出产的 A Brief History of Research In the history of Paleolithic archeology in China, the discovery and study of Guanyin-dong culture occupies a certain position. The specimens of Guanyin-dong have always been eye-catching and constantly thought-provoking material. Studying and understanding these specimens to determine their nature and their relationship to other Paleolithic cultures has become a subject of our exploration. Guanyin Cave site found in the winter of 1964, has been discovered four times. The first excavation (from the winter of 1964 to the beginning of 1965) proved the existence of the Paleolithic culture of Guanyin Cave and at the same time won over a dozen recognizable concomitant mammalian fossils. The second excavation (Winter 1965) further confirmed the production of stoneware and fossils