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近年来氯噻嗪类药物,不仅广泛用于利尿,而且也作为抗高血压的主要药物之一。通过改变其化学结构,这类药的衍生物不断出现,目前临床应用已达10余种,共中有些药物的作用强度较氯噻嗪强1000倍以上。氯噻嗪类药物单独使用时,其降压作用是温和的;与利血平、神经节阻断药及其他降压药同时应用,则有协同作用,从而可以减少其他降压药的剂量和副作用。其降压机制目前还不十分清楚,由于这类药物有利尿作用,因此最初认为氯噻嗪类的降压机制是由于排钠的结果,使细胞外液和血容量减少、静脉回流量及心输出量减少,从而引起动脉压降低。
Chlorothiazide drugs in recent years, not only widely used in diuretic, but also as one of the main antihypertensive drugs. By changing its chemical structure, derivatives of these drugs continue to appear, the clinical application has reached more than 10 species, a total of some drugs more than 1000 times stronger than the intensity of chlorothiazide. Chlorziazepin alone, its antihypertensive effect is mild; and reserpine, ganglion blockers and other antihypertensive drugs at the same time, there is a synergistic effect, which can reduce the dose of other antihypertensive drugs and side effect. The antihypertensive mechanism is not yet clear, because these drugs have diuretic effect, so initially that the mechanism of hydrochlorothiazide antihypertensive mechanism is due to the results of sodium, so that extracellular fluid and reduced blood volume, venous return volume and heart Reduced output leads to reduced arterial pressure.