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[目的]了解普通非空调列车在超员状态下车厢内的空气质量。[方法]选择同一车型的非空调列车为研究对象,对暑季运输(暑运)、十一黄金周、冬季运输(冬运)3个时间段(分别对应夏、秋和冬春之交)的车厢空气质量进行动态监测。[结果]十一黄金周、冬运超员车厢CO2浓度均超标,分别为0.202%、0.195%,且CO2超标率均高于暑运阶段(P<0.01);冬运的可吸入颗粒物(PM10)超标率分别高于暑运、十一黄金周(P<0.01)。3个时间段超员车厢的温度均高于对照车厢(P<0.01);暑运期间CO、CO2、细菌总数3项指标均高于对照车厢(P<0.05);而冬运期间CO、CO2、PM103项指标高于对照车厢(P<0.01)。[结论]普通非空调列车超员车厢内的空气质量存在明显的下降。
[Objective] To understand the air quality of train in overcrowded state of ordinary non-air-conditioned trains. [Method] The non-air-conditioned trains of the same model were chosen as the research objects. The study was conducted on the three transport modes of summer transport (Shuyun transport), Golden Week of 11 and winter transport (corresponding to the turn of summer, autumn and winter) Car air quality for dynamic monitoring. [Results] During the Golden Week, the concentrations of CO2 in supercars were over 0.202% and 0.195%, respectively, and the CO2 excess rates were higher than those in the Shuyun stage (P <0.01). The exceeding standard rate of PM10 Respectively, higher than Shuyun, Golden Week (P <0.01). (P <0.01). The indexes of CO, CO2 and total bacteria during the summer transport were higher than that of the control (P <0.05), while the CO, CO2, PM103 Item index higher than the control compartment (P <0.01). [Conclusion] The air quality of over-passenger train in ordinary non-air-conditioned train has obviously decreased.