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矸石山为典型人工堆积散体,由于特殊的散体物料构成、排弃方式、自然堆积等因素导致矸石山呈现自组织临界性等特征。作者结合典型矸石山,在分析矸石山主要特征的基础上,通过现场试验、理论分析及FLAC数值模拟,探索矸石山降雨条件下的失稳过程及机理。分析结果表明:随降雨持续,降雨及地表径流入渗导致坡顶和坡面散体孔隙水压力逐步增大,散体抗剪强度降低,进而导致矸石山散粒层局部不稳定区域增加,坡面局部滑塌几率增大,坡体内潜在滑移面逐渐形成。随着矸石山系统整体敏感性渐增、鲁棒性减弱,扰动作用下,矸石山系统扰动-反馈将不断放大,矸石山逐渐丧失自组织临界状态,坡体失稳表现为渐进性。研究成果可为降雨条件下堆积散体的稳定分析提供参考。
Waste piles are typical man-made sediment dispersions. Due to the special composition of loose materials, the way of abandonment and the natural accumulation, gangue hill presents self-organized criticality and other characteristics. Based on the analysis of the main features of the gangue hill, the author explores the instability process and mechanism under the rainfall condition of the gangue hill by means of field test, theoretical analysis and FLAC numerical simulation. The analysis results show that with the continuous rainfall, rainfall and infiltration of surface runoff, the pressure of pore water on the top of slope and the slope gradually increases, and the shear strength of the bulk decreases, which leads to the increase of the instability area in the granular layer of waste piles The probability of local surface slip increases, and the potential slip surface in the slope gradually forms. With the increase of overall sensibility of gangue hill system and its robustness, the disturbances-feedback of gangue hill system will continue to enlarge, and the gangue hill gradually loses the self-organized critical state, and the instability of slope body will be gradual. The research results can provide a reference for the stability analysis of the sediment dispersion under rainfall conditions.