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目的:探讨非小细胞肺癌L861Q突变临床特征，与L858R突变临床特征对比研究，分析二者突变临床特征差异及临床价值。方法:纳入2012年7月至2018年12月在空军军医大学第二附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科基因检测中心行EGFR基因检测的705例非小细胞肺癌患者，回顾性分析L861Q、L858R突变临床特征及二者突变临床特征相对比。结果:13例L861Q突变均发生于腺癌未合并其他肿瘤组，L861Q腺癌突变率高于其他类型(n P＝0.004)。L858R突变特征表现为：女性组突变率高于男性组(n χ2＝19.562，n P0.05)。n 结论:L861Q突变以腺癌多见，L858R突变以非吸烟、女性、右肺、Ⅳ期、腺癌多见。L861Q与L858R突变在性别、年龄、是否吸烟、病理分型、肿瘤发生部位、是否合并其他肿瘤、有无并发骨转移突变临床特征相一致；在肿瘤分期，是否并发胸膜、淋巴结、头颅转移及有无合并糖尿病、高血压突变临床特征相反。“,”Objective:To explore the clinical features of L861Q mutation in non-small cell lung cancer, compare the clinical features with L858R mutation, and analyze the clinical characteristics and clinical value of the two mutations.Methods:This study summarized total 705 patients of NSCLC who received gene tests in respiratory and critical care medicine department in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Force Medical University from Jul.2012 to Dec.2018.The correlations between the L861Q and L852R gene mutation and the clinical characteristics of the patients were retrospective analyzed.Results:There were 13 cases of L861Q mutations all occurred in adenocarcinoma without other tumors, the mutation rate of L861Q adenocarcinoma was higher than other types (n P=0.004). The characteristics of L858R mutation were as follows: the mutation rate of female group was higher than that of male group (n χ2=19.562, n P0.05).n Conclusions:L861Q mutation was more common in adenocarcinoma; L858R mutation was more common in right lung Ⅳ adenocarcinoma in non-smokers; L861Q and L858R mutations were in gender, age, smoking, pathological type, tumor location, whether they were combined with other tumors, and whether they were complicated the clinical features of bone metastasis mutations were consistent; the clinical features of tumor staging, whether complicated with pleural, lymph node, and head metastasis, and with or without diabetes and hypertension mutations were opposite.