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目的 了解平垸行洪、退田还湖、移民建镇地区人、畜血吸虫感染的变化 ,探讨其防治效果。方法 选择 4个县、市、区的 6个村为试区 ,采用 IHA筛查 ,粪便孵化法定性 ,改良加藤厚涂片法定量检查确诊病人和塑料杯顶管孵化法检查耕牛感染的方法 ,连续 3年观察 ,分析人、畜血吸虫感染变化 ,并对洲滩螺情及人、畜粪便污染情况进行监测。结果 1999- 2 0 0 1年试区人群血吸虫感染率分别为 1.2 0 % - 4 .6 9%、0 .4 3% - 3.82 %和 0 .2 6 % - 2 .87% ,人群 EPG为 0 .12 - 4 .31,病人 EPG为 5 .90 - 5 1.0 0。血吸虫病人 ,农民占 70 .97% - 87.72 % ,学生占 12 .2 8% - 2 9.0 3% ,15岁 - 6 0岁人群占 74 .19% - 92 .5 0 %。耕牛感染率 ,除江夏区沿江村、黄州区王岭村呈上升外 ,其它村呈逐年下降 ;洲滩钉螺面积 ,除江夏区三角洲下降外 ,其它试区无明显增减。滩地野粪污染密度为 1.2 2 -12 .0 0份 / hm2 ,牛粪占 90 .83% ,血吸虫卵阳性率为 12 .5 2 % (1.35 % - 37.2 1% )。结论 实施平垸行洪、移民建镇地区 ,老年、儿童血吸虫感染人数减少 ,但务农青壮年人群其感染率下降不明显。耕牛感染率在不同试点村则有升有降 ,试区洲滩野粪污染情况较为严重。
Objective To understand the changes of infection of human and animal schistosomiasis by removing embankments and removing floods, returning farmlands to the lake and resettle towns, and discussing its control effect. Methods Six villages in four counties, cities and districts were chosen as the test area. IHA screening, faecal hatch assay, modified Kato thick smear method were used to check the diagnosed patients and plastic cup top tube hatching method to check the cattle infection. , For 3 consecutive years of observation, analysis of human and animal infections of schistosomiasis, and contamination and human and animal feces contamination monitoring. Results The prevalence rates of schistosomiasis in the study area from 1999 to 2001 were 1.2 0% -4.69%, 0.43% -3.82% and 0.226% -2.87%, respectively. The population EPG was 0 .12 - 4.31, the patient EPG was between 5.90 - 5 1.0 0. Schistosomiasis patients accounted for 70.97% - 87.72% of farmers, students accounted for 12.28% -2 9.03%, 15 years old - 60 years of age accounted for 74.19% - 92.5%. Cattle infection rate, in addition to Jiangxia District Village, Wangzhou Village, Huangzhou District was rising, the other villages showed a declining year by year; Island Beach snail area, except Jiangxia deltas, the other test areas without significant increase or decrease. The densities of contaminated beaches were 1.2 2 -12 .0 0 / hm2 and cow dung accounted for 90.83%. The positive rate of schistosome eggs was 12.52% (1.35% -37.2 1%). Conclusions The number of schistosomiasis infection in the areas where the embankment is displaced, the areas where immigrants build townships, the elderly and the children decrease, but the infection rate of young people in agriculture is not obvious. The prevalence rate of cattle in different pilot villages increased or decreased, while the status of brownfield manure in the pilot beaches was more serious.