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花色苷是有色稻种皮和颖壳里呈现颜色的主要物质,属于类黄酮类物质,具有抗氧化性。本研究围绕水稻种子形成过程中花色苷含量的变化以及其对稻谷储藏特性变化的影响,探讨花色苷在稻谷储藏中延长种子寿命的作用。结果显示:选取的3个品种中,水稻种子的花色苷形成主要在发育初期,随着颖果体积的增大,颖果花色苷的含量会逐渐降低,而颖壳的花色苷含量变化不显著,将种子进行人工老化后,仍只有颖果的花色苷含量出现下降的趋势,表明种子在老化过程中颖壳的花色苷不参与抗老化的各项代谢反应。老化种子SOD活性分析显示,花色苷含量低的中籼9311可能是通过SOD酶活性增加,削减高温高湿胁迫对种子衰老的影响;由稻谷感染霉菌情况显示在3个水稻品种中,花色苷含量高的品种的抗霉菌能力要稍优于花色苷含量低的品种。但综合来看,花色苷含量高低并不是决定种子寿命的主要因素。
Anthocyanins are the main substances in the color of seed coat and husk of colored rice. They belong to the class of flavonoids and have antioxidant properties. In this study, we focused on the changes of anthocyanin content during rice seed formation and its effect on the changes of rice storage characteristics, and discussed the role of anthocyanins in extending seed life in rice storage. The results showed that the anthocyanin content of rice seeds was mainly in the early development stage, and the content of anthocyanin in the caryopses decreased gradually with the increase of the caryopsis volume, while the content of anthocyanin in the husk did not change significantly After the seeds were artificially aged, only the content of anthocyanins in caryopsis decreased. It indicated that the anthocyanins in the shell did not participate in the anti-aging metabolic reactions during the aging process. The analysis of the SOD activity of aged seeds showed that medium indica rice 9311 with low anthocyanin content could reduce the effect of high temperature and high humidity on the seed senescence by increasing the SOD activity. The results showed that among the three rice cultivars, the anthocyanin content High varieties of anti-mold ability to be slightly better than anthocyanins low varieties. However, on the whole, anthocyanin content is not the main factor that determines seed life.