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１ 前 言随着石油炼制科学技术的飞速发展，炼油工艺日臻完善，原油深加工收率进一步提高。延迟焦化装置是炼油厂重质油、渣油进一步加工的重要设备，它是生产焦化汽油、焦化柴油和石油焦的重要工艺手段。在延迟焦化装置中，石油焦生成后，必须在一定的时间内用水力除焦的方
1 Introduction With the rapid development of petroleum refining science and technology, refinery technology is improving, further processing of crude oil to further improve yield. Delayed coking unit is an important equipment for refinery heavy oil and residual oil further processing. It is an important process for producing coker gasoline, coking diesel oil and petroleum coke. Delayed coking unit, after the formation of petroleum coke, must be within a certain period of time with the power of decoking