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腹膜后(包括盆腔和腹主动脉旁)淋巴结切除在妇科恶性肿瘤的治疗中有重要的作用,常见的手术路径包括经腹腔路径和腹膜外路径。手术路径的选择取决于疾病治疗的整体方式、患者的特点和手术医师的技术特点。手术需要由有经验的妇科肿瘤医师实施。术中及术后近期并发症包括血管损伤、输尿管损伤、肠管损伤、神经损伤、围手术期感染,远期并发症最常见的是术后淋巴囊肿和下肢淋巴水肿。在淋巴囊肿和下肢淋巴水肿的预防中,应注意术后开放后腹膜,尽量避免使用引流管及合理使用能量器械等。
Retroperitoneal (including pelvic and abdominal aorta) lymph node dissection in the treatment of gynecological malignancies have an important role, common surgical pathways include the peritoneal and extraperitoneal routes. The choice of surgical path depends on the overall manner of disease treatment, the characteristics of the patient and the technical characteristics of the surgeon. Surgery needs to be performed by an experienced gynecologic oncologist. Intraoperative and postoperative complications include vascular injury, ureteral injury, intestinal injury, nerve injury, perioperative infection, long-term complications are the most common postoperative lymphatic cyst and lymphedema. In the prevention of lymphatic cysts and lymphedema of the lower extremities, attention should be paid to the peritoneum after the opening, try to avoid the use of drainage tubes and the rational use of energy equipment.