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由于众多国际性银行集团在香港设有办事外,加上香港本地的商业银行,财务公司和其他各种金融性机构,通过他们从事的存放款、汇竞、投资、保险、财务咨询等各种金融业务,因此香港成为重要的国际金融中心,从而有力地推动了香港经济的发展。从本世纪七十年代未以来,香港金融市场得以迅猛发展,这与香港政府采取的一系列经济政策(包括金融政策)有着极其重要的关系。1972年,香港脱离英镑区后,港府已基本上拥有经济自主权。长期以来,港府对经济一直奉行一种“积极的不干预”政策,即一方面以市场作为自由调节经济的主要手段,另一方面,当经济面临危机时,或者对某些特别的经济领域,如银行和证券市场等,又采取适当的行政手段加以干预。这样,港府通过对经济各个领域的不同程度,不同方式的干预和立法,从而逐步形成了一整套较为完整的金融,商贸,税收等经济制度。本文仅就香港的金融制度作一简述。 一、香港的金融政策和法规 1.港府及港府指定的商业银行代行中央银行的职能。 香港不是一个主权国家,但在经济上又享有独立国家所享有的经济自主权.所以,香港没有国家中央银行,而由港府以及港府指定的商业银行来代行一般主权国家中央银行的职能。比如,香港百分之九
As a large number of international banking groups have offices in Hong Kong, as well as Hong Kong’s local commercial banks, financial companies and other financial institutions, through their deposit, Huijing, investment, insurance, financial advice and other As a result, Hong Kong has become an important international financial center, which has effectively promoted the economic development of Hong Kong. Since the seventies of this century, the rapid development of Hong Kong’s financial markets has been extremely crucial to the series of economic policies (including financial policies) taken by the Hong Kong government. After Hong Kong was released from the British pound in 1972, the Hong Kong Government basically had economic autonomy. For a long time, the Hong Kong Government has been pursuing a policy of “positive non-intervention” to the economy. That is, on the one hand, the market is the main means of regulating the economy freely. On the other hand, when the economy is facing a crisis or in some special economic fields , Such as banks and securities markets, but also take appropriate administrative measures to intervene. In this way, the Hong Kong Government has gradually formed a complete set of relatively complete economic systems of finance, commerce and trade and taxation by intervening and legislating different levels and different ways in various fields of the economy. This article only gives a brief account of Hong Kong’s financial system. I. Hong Kong’s Financial Policies and Regulations 1. The Hong Kong government and the designated commercial banks in Hong Kong act as the central bank. Hong Kong, which is not a sovereign state but economically enjoys the economic autonomy enjoyed by an independent country, does not have a national central bank in Hong Kong. Instead, Hong Kong and commercial banks designated by the Hong Kong Government act as the central bank for sovereign states. For example, Hong Kong nine percent