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自汉武之世实施“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”政策以来,儒家由先秦诸子百家中的一家升入庙堂,儒学由私学成为为封建专制统治服务的官学。迨至明代中后叶,与封建社会晚期商品经济的发展、平民阶层的崛起相适应,儒学呈露出由庙堂返回民间,由经院哲学而向大众化、通俗化方向发展的迹象,以至产生了同官方儒学迥然有别的平民儒学。这无疑是中国儒学史、乃至整个中国思想文化史上的一件具有重要意义的大事。
Since the implementation of the policy of “enlarging one hundred and monopolizing Confucianism” during the Han Dynasty, Confucianism entered the temple from one of the hundred schools of pre-Qin dynasty, and Confucianism became the official school serving the feudal autocratic rule from private school. From the mid-to-late Ming Dynasty, with the development of the late commodity economy in feudal society and the rise of the civilian class, Confucianism showed signs of returning to the people from the temple to popularization and popularization by Scholasticism, Confucianism is very different from ordinary Confucianism. This is undoubtedly an important event in the history of Chinese Confucianism and even in the history of Chinese ideology and culture.