人类数千年来一直在修建水坝以控制泛滥、利用水力、提供饮用、工业及灌溉用水。直到 1950年由于人口和经济的增长，很多国家的政府，甚至某些国家的私人企业一直在建造大量水坝。全世界至少已建造了 45000座大型水坝以满足能源和水的需求。 　　在新世纪开始时，世界上三分 Humans have been building dams for thousands of years to control flooding, harnessing the power of water and providing drinking, industrial and irrigation water. Until 1950, due to population and economic growth, many countries’ governments and even some private enterprises in some countries had been building large numbers of dams. At least 45,000 large dams have been built around the world to meet energy and water needs. At the beginning of the new century, the world is one-third