围产期一般是指奶牛分娩前3周至产后2周的乳牛,其中分娩的前3周为围产前期,分娩后的2周为围产后期。根据乳牛阶段饲养理论和实践,围产期是奶牛整个的泌乳周期中最至关重要的一个时期,在这个阶段,奶牛经历了巨大的生理与代谢变化,抵抗力较差,故发病率要比泌乳中、后期均高,因此,围产期乳牛饲养管理的成功与否决定着乳牛整个泌乳期生产性能和养殖场的经济效益。 Perinatal period generally refers to the cows 3 weeks before delivery to 2 weeks after delivery of cows, of which 3 weeks before delivery for the perinatal period, 2 weeks after delivery for the perinatal period. According to the theory and practice of feeding stage of dairy cows, the perinatal period is the most important period in the whole lactation cycle of dairy cows, at this stage, the cows experienced great physiological and metabolic changes, the resistance is poor, so the incidence rate than Lactation, the latter are high, therefore, the success of perinatal cows feeding management determines the performance of dairy cows throughout the lactation and farm economic benefits.