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目的了解襄阳市2012―2015年布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)流行特征及流行趋势,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法收集襄阳市2012―2015年布病的疫情资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果襄阳市2012―2015年累计报告病例108例,年均发病率为0.48/10万,发病率从2012年的0.02/10万上升到2015年的0.58/10万(P<0.01)。全年各月均有病例报告,以6―9月报告病例数较多,共报告52例,占总病例数的48.12%。全市9个县(市、区)有8个有病例报告,年均发病率最高为宜城市,发病率为2.42/10万(50例)。男性71例,女性37例,男女性别比为1.92∶1。病例年龄主要集中在40~70岁年龄组,共报告74例,占68.52%。职业分布以农民为主,共报告89例,占82.41%。从事饲养、放牧、清理羊圈卫生暴露者92例,占85.19%。结论襄阳市布病发病率呈快速上升趋势,疫区范围不断扩大,应建立卫生和畜牧部门联防联控机制,加强职业人群防护,及时采取综合防控措施,防止疫情传播和蔓延。
Objective To understand the epidemiological and epidemic trend of brucellosis (the brucellosis) in Xiangyang City from 2012 to 2015, and provide the basis for the development of prevention and control strategies. Methods Epidemic data of brucellosis from 2012 to 2015 in Xiangyang were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 108 cases were reported in Xiangyang from 2012 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 0.48 / 100 000. The incidence increased from 0.02% in 2012 to 0.58 / 100000 in 2015 (P <0.01). There are case reports throughout the year, with a higher number of reported cases in June-September. A total of 52 cases were reported, accounting for 48.12% of the total number of cases. There are 8 case reports in 9 counties (cities and districts) in the whole city, with the highest annual average incidence rate in Yicheng City with an incidence rate of 2.42 / 100,000 (50 cases). There were 71 males and 37 females, with a sex ratio of 1.92: 1. The age of cases mainly concentrated in the age group of 40 to 70, a total of 74 cases, accounting for 68.52%. Occupation distribution mainly farmers, a total of 89 cases were reported, accounting for 82.41%. 92 cases engaged in raising, grazing and cleaning sheep health exposures accounted for 85.19%. Conclusion The prevalence of brucellosis in Xiangyang City is on the rise. The scope of epidemic areas is constantly expanding. Prevention and control mechanisms should be set up in health and animal husbandry departments to reinforce the protection of occupational groups and take comprehensive prevention and control measures in time to prevent the spread and spread of the epidemic.