一、新中国犯罪学创建的背景新中国成立后,我国的社会主义法制建设和法学研究工作,都取得了可喜的成就,特别是近20年来取得了惊人的发展。但是,回顾建国近50年的历史,不可否认,我国犯罪学研究是走了一段曲折道路的。新中国成立不久,全国人民在党和政府的领导下,面对国民党残渣余孽的种种破坏和颠覆活动,开展了“土改”、“镇反”、“肃反”、“抗美援朝”、“三反五反”等一系列急风暴雨式的政治运动,这不仅为我国从根本上铲除犯罪产生的原因开辟了道路,也为我国确立刑事司法制度和用劳动改造手段改造罪犯的理论和实践提供了依据。实践证明,50年代初、中期,我国在打击犯罪和预防犯罪方面所取得的成绩是显著的,还取得了十分丰富的经验,并将许多经验上升为理论,特别是在现实生活与犯罪斗争中得到了进一步发展。遗憾的是,这些宝贵经验及其理论 I. Background to the Founding of Criminology in New China After the founding of new China, both our socialism legal system construction and legal research work have made gratifying achievements. In particular, we have witnessed remarkable developments in the past 20 years. However, reviewing the history of the founding of the People’s Republic of China for nearly 50 years, it is undeniable that the study of criminology in our country has taken a tortuous path. Soon after the founding of New China, under the leadership of the party and the government, the people of the entire country have carried out various activities such as “land reform”, “anti-government”, “anti-revolt” and “anti-corruption” A series of thunderstorm political movements such as the “War to Resist America, Aid to the North”, "not only opened the way for our country to fundamentally eliminate the causes of crime, but also established a criminal justice system for our country and transformed it by means of labor reform The theory and practice of criminals provided the basis. Facts have proved that the achievements made by our country in combating crime and crime prevention in the early 1950s and in the medium term are remarkable. We have also gained very rich experience and have elevated many experiences into theories, especially in the real life and the criminal struggle Has been further developed. Unfortunately, these valuable experiences and their theories