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目的:探讨狂犬病病毒街毒株(RV)感染神经细胞的形态学表现,揭示狂犬病病毒致神经功能异常的机制。方法:体内实验,20只C57/BL小鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,每组10只,实验组小鼠脑内接种30μL RV病毒液(10TCID50),对照组小鼠脑内接种等量细胞维持液,利用抗RV抗体检测病毒抗原在小鼠脑组织的分布。体外实验,培养原代海马神经细胞,培养1周后,感染狂犬病病毒,免疫荧光检测感染72、96和120h后病毒的增殖情况。结果:体内实验,狂犬病病毒感染4d后,在海马CA1区锥状神经元胞体和树突中均能检测到狂犬病毒抗原;狂犬病病毒感染7d后,仅在海马CA1区胞体中检测到狂犬病病毒抗原。体外实验,狂犬病RV感染体外培养的原代神经细胞120h后,感染的神经元数量最多,且感染的神经元树突数量减少。结论:狂犬病RV可感染、损伤海马CA1区树突,从而引起小鼠神经功能异常。
Objective: To investigate the morphological features of rabies virus (RV) infected neurons and reveal the mechanism of rabies virus-induced neurological dysfunction. Methods: In vivo experiments, 20 C57 / BL mice were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 10 mice in each group. 30μL RV virus solution (10TCID50) Cell maintenance solution, the use of anti-RV antibody detection of viral antigens in mouse brain tissue distribution. In vitro experiments, the primary cultured hippocampal neurons were cultured. After 1 week of culture, the rabies virus was infected and the proliferation of the virus was detected 72, 96 and 120 h after infection by immunofluorescence. Results: Rabies virus antigen was detected in pyramidal neurons and dendrites of hippocampal CA1 area after rabies virus infection for 4 days in vivo. Rabies virus antigen was detected only in the hippocampal CA1 region 7 days after rabies virus infection . In vitro experiments, rabies RV infection of primary cultured neurons in vitro 120h, infected the largest number of neurons, and the number of infected neurons dendrites decreased. Conclusion: Rabies virus RV can infect and injure the dendrites of hippocampal CA1 region, causing neurological dysfunction in mice.