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改革开放以来我国经济制度变迁的一个显著特征 ,就是国有制经济比重下降而非国有制经济比重的上升。这一变化是否具有“合理性” ?一直是人们关注的焦点问题 ,因为这一重大命题直接涉及到对整个市场化改革成败得失的基本判断。本文对此进行了综合考察 ,实证分析显示出 ,所有制结构的变动与市场化的进程、要素使用效率尤其是资本使用效率的提高、年均经济增长的高速水平之间 ,具有明显的正相关关系 ,展示出了在促进社会生产力发展上的“合理性”。关于所有制变化所导致的经济主体凭借财产所有权获得收益是否具有“合理性”的问题 ,本文构建了一个基于契约论和供求论相结合的解析框架进行了有说服力的解释。
Since the reform and opening up, a notable feature of the changes in China’s economic system has been the decline of the share of the state-owned economy rather than the rise of the proportion of the state-owned economy. Whether this change is “reasonable” has always been the focus of attention of the people, since this important proposition directly involves the basic judgment on the success or failure of the entire marketization reform. The empirical study shows that there is a clear positive correlation between the change of ownership structure and the progress of marketization, the efficiency of factor utilization, especially the increase of capital use efficiency and the average annual economic growth rate , Demonstrating the “rationality” in promoting the development of social productive forces. On the question of whether the economic entity gains ownership by property ownership due to the ownership change, this paper constructs a persuasive explanation based on the analytical framework of contract theory and supply-demand theory.