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目的了解西安高校教师体质健康状况,分析其影响因素,为促进西安高校教师身体健康提供理论依据。方法采用分层随机抽样法,抽取西安市15所高校教师900名,进行体质健康测查并进行问卷调查,运用χ2检验、t检验、单因素方差分析和logistic回归分析等方法对数据进行分析。结果西安高校男女教师体质达标率分别为75.5%和82.7%(陕西省成年男女的平均水平分别为87.00%87.2%)。男性教师达标率低于女性教师(P<0.05),在各年龄阶段中,50 59岁组的达标率最高,36~49岁组最低。慢性病患病率为43.2%,总体上随年龄增长呈上升趋势,但脂肪肝、高血脂和肥胖等疾病中青年教师患病率高于老年教师。工作时间、坐姿时间和锻炼次数是影响西安高校教师体质健康水平的主要因素。结论西安高校教师体质健康状况不乐观,其健康水平低于陕西省平均水平,慢性病发病率较高,健身意识淡薄。
Objective To understand the constitutional health of teachers in Xi’an and analyze the influencing factors so as to provide theoretical basis for promoting the physical health of teachers in Xi’an. Methods Stratified random sampling method was used to extract 900 teachers from 15 colleges and universities in Xi’an. Physical fitness test and questionnaire survey were conducted. The data were analyzed by χ2 test, t test, one-way ANOVA and logistic regression analysis. Results The compliance rate of male and female teachers in Xi’an colleges and universities was 75.5% and 82.7%, respectively (87.00% and 87.2%, respectively) in Shaanxi province. The compliance rate of male teachers was lower than that of female teachers (P <0.05). Among all age groups, the rate of compliance was the highest in 50 59 years old group and the lowest in 36 49 years old group. The prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 43.2%, which generally showed an upward trend with age. However, the prevalence of young teachers among fatty liver, hyperlipidemia and obesity was higher than that among the elderly teachers. Working hours, sitting time and number of exercises are the main factors affecting the physical health of teachers in Xi’an. Conclusion The physical health status of teachers in Xi’an is not optimistic. The health level is lower than the average level of Shaanxi Province. The incidence of chronic diseases is high and the awareness of fitness is weak.