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目的探讨绝经后妇女骨质疏松性骨折的分布特征和易发因素。方法以社区50-69岁绝经1年以上妇女为研究对象,问卷调查危险因素,双能X线骨密度仪测量骨密度(Bone MineralDensity,BMD),胸腰椎侧位X摄片分析椎体骨折,结合病史问询调查骨折发生。结果绝经后妇女骨质疏松性骨折的发生率随年龄和绝经年限的延长而上升,尤其是绝经后的15-20年,骨质疏松性骨折的发生率明显升高。至少有一处以上骨折的绝经后妇女较无骨折妇女的年龄大、绝经年龄早、绝经年限长、生育次数多、哺乳月份长(P<0.01)。结论绝经早、生育胎数多、哺乳时间长等因素是绝经后妇女骨质疏松性骨折的重要危险因素。可作为骨折高危人群的筛选指标以及制定相应干预措施的依据。
Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and predisposing factors of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. Methods A total of 50 men and women aged 50-69 years were selected as study subjects. Risk factors were surveyed by questionnaire, Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and vertebral fractures were measured by X-ray of thoracolumbar spine. Inquire about the history of fracture with history. Results The incidence of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women increased with age and menopause. Especially in 15-20 years after menopause, the incidence of osteoporotic fractures increased significantly. Postmenopausal women with at least one fracture had older menopause, older menopause, longer menopause, more childbirths and longer lactation months than those without fractures (P <0.01). Conclusion Early menopause, multiple births, long time to breastfeeding and other factors are important risk factors for osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. It can be used as a screening index for high-risk fracture population and the basis for formulating the corresponding interventions.