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在确立现代经济特别是股份经济方面,日本大量学习和吸收欧美国家的先进经验和具体作法,使之适应自己的国情和民族习性,从而加快了经济发展。中日文化同源民俗相近,借鉴日本发展股份经济方面的成功经验,对我们更为有用。 一 日本走资本主义道路后,真正大力推行股份制是70年代初期。当时,日本各公司发行股票所筹集的资金仅占总资本的10％。以后,出现了股票目由买卖及按时价进行股票交易等一系列新变化,使各公司通过股份制筹集资本的比例明显增加。80年代末,股价和地价暴涨,股票时价为名义 GNP(国民生产总值)的2.24倍。90年代以来,股价急剧下跌,“泡沫经济崩溃萧条”,使许多公司和个人遭受打击。
In establishing the modern economy, especially in the stock economy, Japan has extensively studied and absorbed the advanced experience and specific practices of the European and American countries so as to adapt itself to their own national conditions and ethnic customs, thus accelerating their economic development. It is more useful for us to draw on the similar experience of Japan in developing the economy of shares by comparing similarities and common customs between China and Japan. After Japan took the capitalist road, the real push for the shareholding system was in the early 1970s. At that time, the funds raised by Japanese companies in issuing shares accounted for only 10% of the total capital. Since then, a series of new changes have taken place such as the trading of stocks by stocks and trades and the trading of stocks on time, resulting in a marked increase in the proportion of companies raising capital through the shareholding system. In the late 1980s, stock prices and land prices skyrocketed, with stock prices at 2.24 times nominal GNP (gross national product). Since the 1990s, sharp declines in share prices and the “slump in the bubble economy” have hit many companies and individuals.