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目的观察补充微量营养素对2型糖尿病患者感染发生率及其蛋白质硝基化的影响。方法选取2型糖尿病患者76例,按随机方法分为对照组和干预组,干预组给予微量营养素补充剂,对照组给予安慰剂,每日口服2片,观察时间为6个月。每月随访一次,了解受访者饮食、运动和感染发生情况。研究前后对受访者均进行一般情况的调查、血液生化检查和血清3-硝基酪氨酸水平(3-NT)测定。研究结束后对干预组人群血清3-NT水平与感染发生情况进行回归分析。结果 6例患者退出研究,获得70例有效数据,干预组33例,男性14例(42.4%),女性19例(57.6%);对照组37例,男性14例(37.8%),女性23例(62.2%),两组性别分布差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.15,P>0.05)。研究前后受访者一般情况、血糖、糖化血清蛋白、糖化血红蛋白等化学检验指标及平均每日能量及各营养素摄入量,轻体力运动时间两组之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究期间受访者的发热率、发热时体温、发热持续天数、皮肤脓肿与破溃发生率、阴道炎或尿路感染发生率、胆囊炎和牙龈炎发生率干预组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究结束时干预组血清3-NT水平显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。回归分析结果显示进入回归方程的有发热及其持续情况,皮肤脓肿与破溃、牙龈炎四项指标(P<0.05),其中关系最密切的指标是发热情况(β=0.541,P=0.027)。结论补充微量营养素可降低2型糖尿病患者感染发生率,并降低其蛋白质硝基化水平。
Objective To investigate the effect of micronutrients supplementation on the incidence of infection and protein nitration in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Totally 76 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into control group and intervention group. Micronutrient supplement was given to the intervention group and placebo was given to the control group. Two tablets were orally administered daily for 6 months. Follow up monthly to understand the respondents’ diet, exercise and infection. Before and after the study of the respondents were investigated in general, blood biochemical tests and serum 3-nitrotyrosine levels (3-NT) determination. After the study, the level of serum 3-NT in the intervention group and the incidence of infection were analyzed by regression analysis. RESULTS: Six patients withdrew from the study and obtained 70 cases of effective data. There were 33 interventional patients (42.4%) and 19 females (57.6%), while the control group (37 patients), 14 males (37.8%) and 23 females (62.2%). There was no significant difference in sex distribution between the two groups (χ2 = 0.15, P> 0.05). Before and after the study, the general situation of the respondents, blood glucose, glycosylated serum protein, glycosylated hemoglobin and other chemical test indicators and the average daily energy and nutrient intake, light physical exercise time between the two groups showed no significant difference (P> 0.05 ). Respondents during the study of fever, body temperature during fever, fever days, the incidence of skin abscess and ulceration, vaginitis or urinary tract infection, cholecystitis and gingivitis incidence of intervention group was lower than the control group, the difference was Statistical significance (P <0.05). At the end of the study, the level of serum 3-NT in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Regression analysis showed that there are four indicators (P <0.05) of fever and persistent conditions, skin abscess and ulceration, gingivitis in the regression equation, the most closely related indicators are fever (β = 0.541, P = 0.027) . Conclusion Supplementation of micronutrients can reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes infection and reduce the level of protein nitration.