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我区位于长江中上游。东经110°15′—111°52′,北纬29°56′—31°35′,是鄂西山区和江汉平原的过渡地带。常年玉米种植面积120万亩左右。由于春寒、夏旱和“秋风”的影响,玉米产量低而不稳,单产没有突破250公斤关。为了探索玉米高产的途径,1982年引进玉米地膜覆盖栽培技术。经过两年试验、四年示范推广,累计覆盖面积30177亩。综合六年验收1059个点的结果,覆膜玉米平均亩产416.8公斤。比相似条件下露地玉米平均亩产196.7公斤增加220.1公斤,增产111.9%,亩增产值77.39元,亩纯收入增加57.34元。 玉米地膜覆盖栽培其所以能够显著地增产增收,主要是因为地膜覆盖对改变土壤环境和加速玉米生育进程产生了多方面的影响;同时促进杂交良种应用范围的扩大,减轻各种自然灾害的不利影响。
My area is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Longitude 110 ° 15’-111 ° 52 ’, latitude 29 ° 56’-31 ° 35’, is the transitional zone between western Hubei and Jianghan Plain. Perennial corn planting area of about 1200000 acres. Due to the impact of spring cold, summer drought and “autumn wind”, corn yield is low and unstable, yield per unit does not exceed 250 kg. In order to explore ways of high-yield corn, in 1982 the introduction of corn film mulching cultivation techniques. After two years of testing, four years of demonstration and extension, cumulative coverage of 30,177 acres. According to the result of 1059 points of six-year inspection and acceptance, the average yield of plastic-coated corn is 416.8 kg. Compared with similar conditions, the average yield per mu of open-field corn increased by 220.1 kg, increased by 111.9%, the output value per mu reached 77.39 yuan, and the net income per mu increased by 57.34 yuan. Maize mulching cultivation so it can significantly increase production and income, mainly because of plastic film mulching to change the soil environment and accelerate the process of maize have many effects; the same time to promote the expansion of the scope of application of hybrid seed to reduce the adverse effects of various natural disasters .