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【目的】研究不同胎龄早产儿的听力发育状况及听力检测的临床意义。【方法】采用瞬态耳声发射(transient evoked otoacoustic emissions,TEOAE)和脑干听觉诱发电位(auditory brainstem response,ABR),对2012年1月-2012年8月在新生儿重症监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)和母婴同室住院的328例早产儿和9 086例足月新生儿(对照组)进行听力筛查。【结果】早产儿听力筛查的通过率明显低于足月儿(χ2=183.67,P<0.01)。且胎龄越小的早产儿,听力筛查的通过率越低。28周≤胎龄<31周35例,通过16例,通过率45.71%;31周≤胎龄<34周124例,通过81例,通过率65.32%;34周≤胎龄<37周169例,通过135例,通过率79.88%。各组通过率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=19.17,P<0.01)。【结论】早产儿是听力损失的高危人群,应重点监测,早期诊治。
【Objective】 To study the clinical significance of hearing development and hearing development in preterm infants of different gestational ages. 【Methods】 Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) were used to assess neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from January 2012 to August 2012 in neonatal intensive intensive care unit care unit (NICU) and 328 preterm infants admitted to the same room with maternal and infant and 9 086 full-term newborns (control group). 【Results】 The hearing rate of premature children was significantly lower than that of full-term children (χ2 = 183.67, P <0.01). And gestational age in preterm children, the lower the hearing screening pass rate. 28 weeks ≤ gestational age <31 weeks 35 cases, 16 cases passed, the passing rate 45.71%; 31 weeks ≤ gestational age <34 weeks 124 cases, 81 cases passed 65.32%; 34 weeks ≤ gestational age <37 weeks 169 cases , Through 135 cases, the passing rate of 79.88%. There was significant difference in passing rates between groups (χ2 = 19.17, P <0.01). 【Conclusion】 Preterm infants are the high risk of hearing loss, and should be monitored and diagnosed early.