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土壤质量与土壤的生物学性质密切相关,施肥制度对土壤生物学特性的影响研究对土壤质量管理具有重要的意义。本文以沈阳农业大学长期肥料定位试验为基地,研究长期不同施肥制度对土壤理化性质,过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶活性和动力学特征的影响。主要研究结果:施用化肥、有机肥配施化肥降低土壤pH值,提高4种土壤全量养分(全C、全P、全S、全N)含量,有机肥配施化肥提高土壤速效N含量;低量化肥配施有机肥显著提高土壤过氧化氢酶活性及Vmax/Km值和Vmax值,低量化肥配施有机肥显著提高脱氢酶活性及Vmax/Km值,降低脱氢酶Km值。本文的研究表明,合理的化肥施用量及配施有机肥是提高土壤生物学活性的有效手段。
Soil quality is closely related to the biological properties of soil. The research on the impact of fertilization on soil biological characteristics is of great significance to soil quality management. In this paper, Shenyang Agricultural University, long-term fertilizer positioning test as a base to study the different long-term fertilization system on soil physical and chemical properties, catalase, dehydrogenase activity and kinetic characteristics. The main results are as follows: The application of fertilizers and organic fertilizers combined with chemical fertilizers to reduce the soil pH value, increase the content of four kinds of soil total nutrients (total C, total P, total S, total N), organic fertilizers to improve soil available N content; Fertilizer application of organic manure significantly increased soil catalase activity and Vmax / Km values and Vmax values. Low concentrations of chemical fertilizer combined with organic manure significantly increased the activity of dehydrogenase and Vmax / Km, and decreased the Km value of dehydrogenase. This study shows that a reasonable amount of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer is an effective means to improve soil biological activity.