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高血糖是住院患者的常见情况。血糖升高可以损害多个系统,影响住院患者预后,是住院患者不良事件的独立危险因素。控制高血糖有助于改善患者的临床结局。根据ADA和AACE的建议,非重症住院患者的血糖控制目标为餐前血糖<7.8mmol/L,随机血糖<10mmol/L。治疗药物首选胰岛素,尤其是皮下多次注射。另外,针对住院患者的不同人群,如肠道营养、全肠外营养、使用糖皮质激素的患者、反应性高血糖以及妊娠高血糖患者给予不同的管理方案。个体化的处理以及严密的血糖监测是防治严重低血糖的重要措施。
High blood sugar is a common occurrence in hospitalized patients. Elevated blood glucose can damage multiple systems, affecting the prognosis of hospitalized patients, and are independent risk factors for adverse events in hospitalized patients. Control of hyperglycemia helps to improve the patient’s clinical outcome. According to the recommendations of ADA and AACE, the goal of glycemic control in non-critically ill patients is pre-prandial glucose <7.8 mmol / L and random glucose <10 mmol / L. The treatment of choice for insulin, especially subcutaneous multiple injections. In addition, different regimens are administered to different groups of hospitalized patients such as gut nutrition, total parenteral nutrition, glucocorticoid-treated patients, reactive hyperglycemia, and gestational hyperglycemia. Individualized treatment and strict blood glucose monitoring are important measures to prevent and treat severe hypoglycemia.