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过去40～50年间,与心脏其它的一些无创性诊断方法相比,心电图发展缓慢。但是,心电图的正确诊断,不仅可以挽救患者的生命,而且心电图还是目前使用最普遍的、最经济的和最佳的心脏病诊断方法,但常常引起误诊,因此应仔细分析。 近10年来,一些多中心、前瞻性的研究系统分析了心肌损伤的心电图变化与生物化学标志物、早期冠状动脉造影结果、心室收缩性和心肌代谢之间的相关性。这些研究极大提高了急性心肌梗死的诊断能力,现介绍如下。1.心脏的解剖结构 了解心脏的解剖结果有助于正确评价新出现的束支阻滞、心电轴的变化和梗死部位。
Over the past 40 to 50 years, compared with some other noninvasive diagnostic methods in the heart, electrocardiograms have been slow to develop. However, the correct diagnosis of ECG can not only save the lives of patients, but ECG is currently the most common, the most economical and best method of diagnosis of heart disease, but often leads to misdiagnosis, it should be carefully analyzed. In the past decade, several multicentre, prospective studies systematically analyzed the correlation between changes in ECG of myocardial injury and biochemical markers, early coronary angiography findings, ventricular contractility and myocardial metabolism. These studies have greatly enhanced the diagnostic capacity of acute myocardial infarction, are described below. 1. Anatomy of the Heart Knowing the anatomy of the heart helps to correctly evaluate the emerging bundle branch block, ECG axis changes, and infarct sites.