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列车检修库是一狭长的高大空间,可以利用侧窗和天窗进行自然排烟。但受生产工艺条件限制,库内难以按规范划分防火、防烟分区,在自然排烟条件下难以保证工作人员在火灾发生时的安全疏散。本文提出采用消防性能化设计方法以及利用屋顶风机辅助排烟的措施来保证火灾时检修库内人员的安全疏散。首先借助数值模拟技术对在火灾条件下检修库采用自然排烟及采用屋顶风机辅助排烟的烟气分布场景进行模拟分析,而后在此基础上计算人员可获得的安全疏散时间(ASET),并与在火灾环境尚未达到人员耐受极限前疏散到安全区域所必须的安全疏散时间(RSET)进行比较。结果表明,检修库采用屋顶风机辅助排烟可以提高工作人员的安全疏散时间,并保证防排烟设计的安全性。
Train maintenance garage is a long and narrow space, you can use the side windows and skylights for natural smoke exhaust. However, due to the limitation of the production technology, it is difficult to classify fire prevention and smoke prevention zones according to the rules in the warehouse. It is difficult to ensure the safety evacuation of staff members in the event of a fire under the conditions of natural smoke exhaust. This paper proposes the use of fire performance design methods and the use of rooftop fan exhaust smoke measures to ensure the safe evacuation of personnel in the overhaul warehouse. First of all, numerical simulation is used to simulate the distribution of flue gas using natural smoke exhaust and roof exhaust fan assisted smoke evacuation under fire conditions, and then calculate the safe evacuation time (ASET) available to personnel under fire conditions Compared with the Safety Evacuation Time (RSET) necessary to evacuate to a safe area before the fire environment has reached the endurance limit. The results show that the maintenance of the library using roof fan-assisted exhaust can improve the safety of staff evacuation time and ensure the safety of smoke exhaust design.