论文部分内容阅读
目的了解新疆阿克苏地区吸毒人群HIV感染情况及危险行为分布特征,为吸毒人群有效干预措施的制定提供科学依据。方法使用统一的国家哨点监测吸毒者监测调查表,对每名吸毒人员进行匿名问卷调查,同时采集静脉血采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)进行HIV抗体初筛,初筛阳性者再用ELISA和明胶颗粒凝集试验(PA)等多种方法进行复核。复核阳性血样送新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心艾滋病确认实验室采用免疫印迹法(WB)进行确认。结果被调查的403例吸毒者中查出HIV感染者92例,感染率为22.8%。403例吸毒人员中,有静脉吸毒史者382例,占94.8%(382/403),在静脉吸毒者中有91例HIV阳性,感染率为23.8%(91/382);非注射吸毒者(口吸)21例,HIV阳性1例,感染率为4.8%(1/21);注射吸毒与非注射吸毒感染率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.10,P<0.05)。与他人共用注射器史者感染率为39%(62/159);未共用注射器史者感染率为13%(29/223)。共用注射器史者与未共用注射吸毒史者HIV感染率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=34.55,P<0.05)。结论静脉吸毒共用注射器是阿克苏市吸毒人群HIV感染的主要途径,今后应加强针对性干预措施,降低危险行为发生比例,控制艾滋病在该人群中的传播。
Objective To understand the status of HIV infection and risk behaviors among drug users in Aksu, Xinjiang and to provide a scientific basis for effective interventions for drug addicts. Methods A unified national sentinel surveillance survey of drug abusers was conducted. Anonymous questionnaires were conducted on each drug addicts. At the same time, venous blood was collected for HIV antibody screening by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) And gelatin particle agglutination test (PA) and other methods for review. The positive blood samples were reviewed and sent to the AIDS Confirmation Laboratory of Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for confirmation by Western blotting (WB). Results Among 403 drug addicts surveyed, 92 cases were found HIV-infected, with an infection rate of 22.8%. Among 403 drug addicts, there were 382 cases (94.8% (382/403)) with intravenous drug abuse history, 91 cases were HIV positive among intravenous drug users with the infection rate being 23.8% (91/382). Non-injecting drug users 21 cases were positive for HIV and 1 was HIV positive, the infection rate was 4.8% (1/21). There was a significant difference in the infection rate between injecting and non-injecting drug users (χ ~ 2 = 4.10, P <0.05). The history of infection with other people shared a history of 39% (62/159); those who did not share the history of infection were 13% (29/223). There was a significant difference in HIV infection rates between the two groups (χ ~ 2 = 34.55, P <0.05). Conclusion Intravenous drug-sharing syringes are the main ways of HIV infection among drug addicts in Aksu City. In the future, targeted interventions should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of dangerous behaviors and to control the spread of AIDS in this population.