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目的了解宜昌市2004—2014年淋病、梅毒发病趋势和流行特点,为制定性病防治策略和措施提供理论依据。方法对宜昌市医疗机构2004—2014年网络直报的淋病和梅毒病例进行描述性流行病学分析。结果宜昌市2004—2014年分别报告淋病、梅毒4 170例和5 360例,淋病年均报告发病率为9.53/10万,报告发病率呈逐年下降趋势(χ~2=32.58,P<0.001),从2004年23.18/10万下降到2014年4.85/10万;梅毒年均报告发病率为12.26/10万,报告发病率呈逐年上升趋势(χ~2=32.08,P<0.001),从2004年3.55/10万上升到2014年18.87/10万。2004—2014年淋病报告病例男女性别比为3.25:1,而梅毒为0.67:1。宜昌市淋病、梅毒报告病例均以20~49岁年龄组性活跃人群为主,分别占82.88%和67.05%;60岁以上年龄组淋病、梅毒报告病例所占比例均增大。淋病、梅毒病例分布于宜昌市各行各业,11年间,农民、家务及待业、工人一直是淋病、梅毒病例报告的前三大职业。各县市区淋病、梅毒报告病例分布不均衡,淋病、梅毒报告病例数均以西陵区最多,分别占23.38%和20.91%。结论 2004—2014年宜昌市梅毒疫情呈上升趋势,淋病疫情呈下降趋势,性活跃人群依然是性病防治工作的重点人群,应加强性病防控工作。
Objective To understand the trend and epidemic characteristics of gonorrhea and syphilis in Yichang City from 2004 to 2014 and provide theoretical basis for formulating strategies and measures for prevention and control of venereal disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of cases of gonorrhea and syphilis directly reported by Yichang Medical Institution from 2004 to 2014 was conducted. Results In 2004-2014, Yichang reported 4 170 cases of gonorrhea and syphilis and 5 360 cases of syphilis, respectively. The average annual incidence of gonorrhea was 9.53 / 100 000, the incidence of which was decreasing year by year (χ ~ 2 = 32.58, P <0.001) , Down from 23.18 / 100,000 in 2004 to 4.85 / 100,000 in 2014. The average reported incidence of syphilis was 12.26 / 100000, the reported incidence showed an upward trend year by year (χ ~ 2 = 32.08, P <0.001), from 2004 Year 3.55 / 100,000 rose to 18.87 / 100,000 in 2014. The sex ratio of men and women reported for gonorrhea in 2004-2014 was 3.25: 1, while syphilis was 0.67: 1. The cases of gonorrhea and syphilis in Yichang City were all mainly active in the age group of 20-49 years, accounting for 82.88% and 67.05% respectively; the proportion of cases of gonorrhea and syphilis reporting over 60 years of age increased. Gonorrhea and syphilis cases are distributed in all walks of life in Yichang City. For 11 years, peasants, housework and unemployed workers have always been the top three occupations reported by gonorrhea and syphilis cases. The distribution of cases of gonorrhea and syphilis among counties and cities in the counties was unevenly distributed. The number of reported gonorrhea and syphilis cases was the largest in Xiling District, accounting for 23.38% and 20.91% respectively. Conclusion The epidemic situation of syphilis in Yichang City in 2004-2014 is on the rise. The epidemic situation of gonorrhea is on the decline. The active population is still the key population in the prevention and control of STD. STD prevention and control should be strengthened.