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直肠癌治疗手段主要为根治性切除术为主并辅以放化疗治疗;肿瘤侵润的范围、淋巴结及远处转移的有无构成了临床TNM分期并影响着直肠癌的治疗和判断预后。经直肠超声检查术(Transrectal ultrasound,TRUS)可以显示直肠壁各层组织的变化,不仅对肿瘤浸润深度诊断准确性较高,而且提高了术前对肠周淋巴结转移诊断的准确性,对直肠癌术前的TNM分期具有重要的意义,从而指导医师选择最佳的手术方式及是否需要术前放化疗以达到根治直肠癌、提高患者生活质量与延长寿命的目的。
The treatment of rectal cancer is mainly radical resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment; the extent of tumor invasion, lymph node and distant metastasis constitute the clinical TNM staging and affect the prognosis of rectal cancer treatment and prognosis. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) can show the changes of tissue in the rectal wall, not only for the diagnosis of tumor invasion depth higher accuracy, but also improve the preoperative diagnosis of intestinal lymph node metastasis accuracy, rectal cancer Preoperative TNM staging is of great significance to guide physicians in choosing the best surgical approach and whether preoperative chemoradiation is needed in order to achieve radical colorectal cancer, improve patient quality of life and prolong life.