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小麦杂交后代F1代(或F2代)与玉米进行远缘杂交,经激素诱导和组织培养形成多元单倍体,利用加倍单倍体育种,结合分子标记和性状表达,达到了单代纯合培育小麦新品系的生产能力,提高了作物育种选择的精确性和效率,提供了1种快速聚合固定各种小麦基因型有益性状的方法。小麦×玉米杂交较孤雄生殖和球茎大麦等技术具有高效、简单、较少的基因型依赖反应和配子克隆变异等特点。阐述了小麦玉米远缘杂交发展进程、技术优势和制约因素,并对小麦玉米远缘杂交进行了展望。
F1 hybrids (or F2 generation) of wheat cross were crossed with maize by distant crosses. Haploid hybrids were induced by hormone induction and tissue culture. Haploid haploid breeding combined with molecular marker and trait expression reached the single-generation homozygous breeding The ability to produce new lines of wheat improves the accuracy and efficiency of crop breeding options and provides a rapid method of polymerizing and fixing beneficial traits of various wheat genotypes. The technology of hybridization between wheat and maize is more efficient, simple, less genotype-dependent, and gametophyte cloning than the hybrid between male and female. The developing process, technical advantages and restrictive factors of distant hybridization of wheat and maize were expounded. The prospects of distant hybridization of wheat and maize were also discussed.