Cracks in polymer bonded explosives (PBXs) may occur during manufacturing, transportation and storage stages. The surface crack of explosives has an important influence on their mechanical properties and detonation performance. Quantitative detection of the depth of the surface crack is of great significance to the process of surface crack removal. The numerical simulation of surface crack depth estimation was investigated by using Rayleigh surface waves which propagate along the cylindrical and spherical surfaces of PBXs. The propagation patterns of surface waves were studied on these two types of surfaces. The reflection and transmission of surface waves at different frequencies in PBXs with crack of varied depth were simulated through the finite element method (FEM).The FEM results indicate that the depth of crack in curved surfaces can be deduced according to the amplitude variations of reflected and transmitted waves.“,”聚合物黏结炸药（PBXs）在生产、运输和储存的阶段可能会出现裂纹等损伤。炸药的表面裂纹对其物理属性和轰爆性能有重要的影响。表面裂纹深度的定量检测对于加工去除其表面裂纹有重要意义。为了研究利用超声表面波对PBX的表面裂纹进行裂纹深度的检测和表征的可行性，采用有限元数值模拟的方式对超声波在曲面PBX中的传播和散射规律进行研究。对不同频率的瑞利表面波在柱面和球面PBX上传播的运动规律、表面波与不同深度裂纹相互作用的反射和透射规律，以及根据表面波与裂纹的相互作用进行裂纹深度反演进行了研究。有限元数值模拟结果表明曲面PBX上的表面裂纹深度可以通过瑞利表面波的反射波和透射波的幅值变化模式进行推导。