A case-report on adenoma of the posterior urethra. Methods: In 131 cases of adenoma of the posterior urethra, aged 17- 79 (mean: 36.4) years, a detailed medical history was taken and urinalysis, urethroscopy, and prostatic specific antigen (PSA) immunohistochemical staining were performed. They were then treated with transurethral resection (TUR) or transurethral electric coagulation (TUEC). Results: Hemospermia occurred in 51% of the cases, hematuria in 38 %, bood overflow from the urethral orifice in 6 %, and dysuria in 5 %. The position of the tumor was at or around the verurumontanum. The appearance of the rumor was similar to those of a papilla, a villus, a dactyl or polyp, or simply an engorgement. The tumor contained glandular alveoli and adeno-epithelial cells. PSA immunohistochemistry was positive in the cytoplasm and nucleus of the adeno-epithelial cell. One hundred and tweenty-nine cases were cured after TUR or TUEC, while 2 patients recurred and were operated again. Conclusion: Adenoma of the posterior urethra is a common cause of hemospermia and hematuria in young men. Urethroscopic examination and biopsy are the principal diagnostic measures. TUR or TUEC are believed to be the treatment of choice with a short-term recurrence rate of around 1.5%.