呼吸窘迫综合症(RDS)是一种继发的以急性进行性呼吸困难和低氧血症为特征的综合征。常出现于创伤、休克、大手术后或对严重感染病人的治疗过程中,是外科重症抢救工作中的一个重要问题。据统计,在战伤初期复苏成功的伤员中,RDS的发生率高达85％。在平时,严重创伤、出血、大面积烧伤的病人,经早期抢救成功而后牺牲者,约有30～50％系死于此种并发症。RDS的病死率仍然很高,一般在30％左右,重症者高达50～84.2％以上,Jenkins,在第二次世界大战后,首先提出“休克肺”这一概念(1950),接着又提出了“休 Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a secondary syndrome characterized by acute progressive dyspnea and hypoxemia. Often appeared in the trauma, shock, major surgery or treatment of patients with severe infection, surgery is an important issue in the critical rescue work. According to statistics, RDS occurred as high as 85% among the wounded who recovered successfully in the early days of the war. In peacetime, serious trauma, bleeding, extensive burn patients, after the success of early rescue and sacrifice, about 30 to 50% of deaths from such complications. The mortality rate of RDS is still very high, generally about 30%, severe patients as high as 50 ~ 84.2%, Jenkins, after the Second World War, first proposed the concept of “shock lung” (1950), followed by the proposed "Hugh