1905年,历代封建王朝沿用达千余年的科举制度终于废止。这是中国近代教育制度的重大变革之一。科举制度,原本是中国封建社会的最高统治者设立的一项通过分科逐级考试取士来选拔官吏的制度,因其导向是读书、科考、做官,遂与教育日益紧密地结合起来,并成为中国封建社会教育制度的灵魂或主宰。科举制始创于隋代,经唐、宋两代日臻完备,明代达于鼎盛,至清代则由盛转衰。明朝之前,科举考试所设的科目,有进士、明经、九经、三史、三传、明法等科。明、清两朝仅设进士一科;考试的内容以经义为主,经义又只限于《四书》、《五经》,《四书》以朱熹的《四书集注》为标准,《五经》以宋、元人的注疏为准绳,不许自由发挥,试文规定一律要用八股文,即每篇文章分为破题、承题、起讲、入手、起股、中股、后股、束股八部分,后四股的每股再分为两股排比对偶的文字,合称八股,且对文章所 In 1905, the feudal dynasties used more than a thousand years of the imperial examination system was finally abolished. This is one of the major changes in the education system in modern China. The imperial examination system was originally a system set up by the supreme rulers of the feudal society in China to select officials through graduation examinations. Because its orientation is to study, test and serve as an official, it is increasingly closely integrated with education. And become the soul or master of China’s feudal society education system. The imperial examination system was founded in the Sui Dynasty, by the Tang and Song Dynasties is getting more and more complete, reaching the peak of the Ming Dynasty, to the Qing Dynasty by the prosperous decline. Before the Ming dynasty, the subjects set up by the imperial examinations were Jinshi, Ming Jing, Jiu Jing, San Shi, San Chuan, Ming Fa and other subjects. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, there was only one subject of Jinshi; the content of the examination was mainly Jingyi, and Jingyi was limited to the Four Books, The Five Classics and Four Books by Zhu Xi’s The Four Books. The Five Classics Song, Yuan people’s attention sparse as the criterion, are not allowed to play freely, the provisions of the text should be used eight essay, that is, each article is divided into topics, topics, starting, starting stocks, stocks, stocks, Part of the latter four shares of each share is divided into two rows of parallel duality text, collectively referred to as the eight shares, and article