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本文围绕纳米流体的导热强化机理、流动与对流换热机制、能量传递的调控方法、传质特性以及应用技术等方面,讨论了粒子属性、份额、尺度、悬浮稳定性和温度对纳米流体导热系数的影响规律,从纳米粒子改变液体结构和纳米粒子微运动两个方面阐明了纳米流体导热强化机理.介绍了纳米流体的流动与对流换热性能,提出了纳米流体流动与对流换热的两相多尺度分析方法,揭示了纳米粒子微运动及其所引起的流体微扰动对纳米流体对流换热的作用机制,阐述了纳米流体的强化传质特性和热质比拟分析方法.分析了外磁场作用下磁性纳米流体导热系数和对流换热的各向异性特征,揭示了磁场对磁性纳米流体的结构、导热系数、流动与对流换热性能的影响规律,阐明了磁性纳米流体能量自主传递特性与调控方法.结合国内外研究进展,介绍了纳米流体在强化传热和太阳能高效利用方面的应用研究.
In this paper, the properties of nanofluids, their heat transfer enhancement mechanism, flow and convection heat transfer mechanism, energy transfer control methods, mass transfer characteristics and application techniques are discussed. The effects of particle properties, fraction, scale, suspension stability and temperature on the thermal conductivity The mechanism of thermal conductivity enhancement of nanofluids was expounded from two aspects of liquid structure change and nanoparticle micromotion by nanometer particles.The flow and convection heat transfer performance of nanofluids were introduced.The two phases of nanofluid flow and convection heat transfer The multi-scale analysis method reveals the mechanism of nanoparticle micro-motion and the perturbation caused by the fluid perturbation on the convective heat transfer of the nanofluids, and expounds the enhanced mass transfer characteristics and the heat and mass comparison analysis methods of nanofluids. The magnetic nanofluid thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer anisotropy characteristics of the magnetic field reveals the magnetic nanofluids structure, thermal conductivity, flow and convection heat transfer performance of the law to clarify the magnetic nano-fluid energy transfer characteristics and regulation Methods Based on the research progress at home and abroad, nanofluids are introduced to enhance heat transfer Applied research and efficient utilization of solar energy.