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目的 :研究盲童孤独感的相关因素 ,提高盲童的心理健康水平。方法 :抽取盲童组和正常儿童组各 10 0例 ,两组的性别、年龄差异无显著性。采用儿童孤独量表、父母教育方式量表及社会支持量表分别用盲文及正常文字测评。结果 :1 盲童孤独感得分显著高于正常儿童孤独感得分 (t =2 96,p <0 0 1)。 2、盲童所获得社会支持显著低于正常儿童。 3、盲童父母在“惩罚严厉”、“过分保护”两维度得分显著高于正常儿童的父母。4、盲童孤独感与父母的情感温暖、理解呈显著的负相关 ,还与所获得的客观、主观支持呈负相关 (p <0 0 5 )。结论 :要减轻盲童的孤独感 ,无论是盲童父母还是学校、社会都必须重视盲童的心理素质教育 ,把培养盲童健康的心理素质作为重要教育目标。
Objective: To study the related factors of blind children’s loneliness and improve the mental health of blind children. Methods: One hundred and ten cases of blind children and normal children were enrolled. There was no significant difference in gender and age between the two groups. Children’s loneliness scale, parental education scale and social support scale were respectively used in Braille and normal writing. Results: 1 The score of loneliness of blind children was significantly higher than that of normal children (t = 2 96, p <0.01). 2, blind support social support was significantly lower than normal children. 3, blind parents in “severe punishment”, “excessive protection” two-dimensional score was significantly higher than the normal children’s parents. (4) There is a significant negative correlation between blindness loneliness and warmth and understanding of parents, but also negatively correlated with the objective and subjective support obtained (p <0 05). Conclusion: To reduce the sense of loneliness of blind children, both blind parents and schools must attach importance to blind children’s psychological quality education and regard the cultivation of blind children’s psychological quality as an important educational goal.