目的　探讨三叉神经脱髓鞘病变和血管硬化的关系。方法　采用免疫萤光标记直接法、免疫组化ABC酶标法对 4 0例三叉神经脱髓鞘病变进行检测。结果　免疫萤光标记的病变神经组织和血管中 ,均有不同程度的免疫复合物沉积。在病变神经组织及血管中 ,免疫组化的CD系统标记 ,呈局灶性浸润和节段性分布。复发组和原发组的表达率相比较 ,差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1)。结论　血管硬化可引发三叉神经脱髓鞘病变 ,但不是主要因素 ,而免疫性反应才是引发脱髓鞘病变的主要因素 ,脱髓鞘病变过程中的神经、血管都是免疫攻击的效应器 Objective To investigate the relationship between demyelinating lesions of the trigeminal nerve and vascular sclerosis. Methods 40 cases of trigeminal demyelinating lesions were detected by immunofluorescence labeling and direct immunohistochemical ABC method. Results Immunofluorescence labeled lesions in nerve tissue and blood vessels, there are varying degrees of immune complex deposition. In diseased nerve tissue and blood vessels, immunohistochemical CD system markers showed focal infiltration and segmental distribution. There was significant difference between the recurrence group and the primary group (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusions Vascular sclerosis can cause demyelinating lesions of the trigeminal nerve, but not the main factor. However, the immune response is the main factor of demyelinating lesions. The nerves and blood vessels during demyelinating lesions are the effector of immune attack