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目的在大连新港原油污染海域分离纯化出可降解原油的“土著”微生物,评价其原油降解能力,并研究提高降解效率的方法。方法取海水样品进行富集培养,分离纯化出“土著”原油降解微生物,以16S rDNA测序法鉴定微生物种类,并采用MEGA 5.0进行多序列比对分析,选用最大相似法构建系统发育树。在实验室纯培养的条件下以气相色谱法对微生物的原油降解能力进行分析,选出优势菌种,再将优势菌种混配分析最佳原油降解条件。结果分离纯化得到的“土著”原油降解微生物分属枯草芽孢杆菌属、动性球菌属、嗜冷菌属等多个菌属,“土著”原油降解微生物资源丰富,优势菌种的混配有助于加快和提高原油降解效率,是有效且对生态环境友好的生物处理法。
Objective To separate and purify “indigenous” microorganisms from biodegradable crude oil in Dalian Xingang Crude Oil Pollution Area to evaluate their crude oil degradation ability and to study ways to improve the degradation efficiency. Methods The seawater samples were collected for enrichment culture. The microorganisms were isolated and purified from crude oil. The 16S rDNA sequencing method was used to identify the microorganisms. MEGA 5.0 was used for multiple sequence alignment. The largest similarity method was used to construct the phylogenetic tree. Under laboratory pure culture condition, the crude oil degradation ability of the microorganism was analyzed by gas chromatography. The predominant strains were selected, and the dominant strains were mixed to analyze the optimal crude oil degradation conditions. Results The crude oil degrading microorganisms isolated and purified belonged to Bacillus subtilis, Actinococcus, psychrotrophs and other microorganisms. The “indigenous” crude oil was rich in microbial resources, and the dominant bacteria Blending helps to accelerate and enhance the efficiency of crude oil degradation and is an effective and ecologically friendly biological treatment.