目的通过对哮喘儿童呼出气一氧化氮(FENO)水平的监测,为哮喘的临床诊断治疗及病情评估提供帮助。方法选择2007年10月至2009年8月于首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院门诊确诊的哮喘患儿共358例,根据其哮喘发作与治疗情况分为哮喘发作组与非发作组、治疗组与未治疗组。设计临床观察表记录各组患儿治疗、发作、肺部喘鸣音情况,并进行FENO及1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)及最大用力呼气中段流量(MMEF)等肺功能指标的测定。结果 358例哮喘患儿的FENO值为28.5(15.5～55.0)×10-9,其中男性为29.0(15.0～49.8.0)×10-9,女性为28.0(16.0～58.6)×10-9,男女相比差别无统计学意义(Z=-1.006,P>0.05)。111例11岁以上哮喘儿童FENO为36.0(20.0～65.0)×10-9,其中男性为30.0(26.0～63.0)×10-9,女性为40.5(17.7～73.8)×10-9,与395例正常儿童相比FENO明显增高,差异具有统计学意义(Z=-11.352,P<0.001)。358例哮喘患儿FENO与年龄呈正相关(r=0.206,P<0.01),与病程和FVC无相关性(r分别为-0.009和-0.086,P均>0.05),与FEV1及MMEF轻度负相关(r分别为-0.164和-0.176,P均<0.01)。哮喘发作组患儿FENO值高于非发作组[38.4(16.7～59.1)×10-9,26.0(15.0～51.0)×10-9;Z=-2.327,0.01 0.05). The FENO of 111 children with asthma over 11 years old was 36.0 (20.0 ~ 65.0) × 10-9, including 30.0 (26.0 ~ 63.0) × 10-9 males and 40.5 (17.7 ~ 73.8) × 10-9 males, with 395 cases Compared with normal FENO children was significantly higher, the difference was statistically significant (Z = -11.352, P <0.001). There was a positive correlation between FENO and age in 358 asthmatic children (r = 0.206, P <0.01), but no correlation with the course of disease and FVC (r = -0.009 and -0.086, respectively, P> 0.05) (R = -0.164 and -0.176 respectively, all P <0.01). The FENO value of asthma attack group was higher than that of non-attack group [38.4 (16.7 ~ 59.1) × 10-9,26.0 (15.0 ~ 51.0) × 10-9; Z = -2.327,0.01