选用来自全国各地的一年生野生大豆２００ 余份材料，从形态性状、等位酶标记和细胞器ＤＮＡＲＦＬＰ标记的遗传丰富度和遗传离散度两方面分析了中国野生大豆群体的遗传多样性．结果表明：中国野生大豆天然群体存在着遗传分化，各地理生态群体间的遗传多样性水平不同，南方群体最高，黄淮海群体次之，东北群体最低．南方为一年生野生大豆的遗传多样性中心，也可能是起源中心． In this study, more than 200 annual wild soybean cultivars from all over the country were selected to analyze the genetic diversity of wild soybean populations in China from morphological traits, allelic enzyme markers and the genetic diversity and genetic divergence of DNARFLP markers. The results showed that there existed genetic differentiation in the natural populations of wild soybean in China, with different genetic diversity among different geographical and ecological groups, with the highest in the southern China, followed by the Huang-Huai-Hai Group and the lowest in the Northeast China. The south is a center of genetic diversity for annual wild soybean and may also be a center of origin.