盐业是一个古老的行业。食盐国家专控古来有之。由于盐在人民生活中不可或缺,又是集中产,普遍销,因而它的产销涉及社会稳定。在封建社会,食盐官营的另一个目的是征收“人头税”,增加府库收入。而我们目前的食盐专营则是以食盐为载体,通过加碘消除普遍存在的碘缺乏问题。由于具有这一特殊功能,国家对食盐仍实行指令性计划管理,食盐是社会主义市场经济条件下的极少数指令性商品之一,而且食盐的经营由盐政执法来保障,这不仅确立了盐业在国民经济中的特殊地位,而且食盐也似乎成了市场经济环境中的一个以计划为主的特殊行业。 Salt industry is an ancient industry. Salt countries have special control of the ancient. As salt is indispensable to the people’s life, it is also concentrated and generally sold, so its production and sales involve social stability. In feudal society, another purpose of salt official camp is to levy “poll tax” to increase the government revenue. And our current salt monopoly is based on salt as a carrier, by iodine to eliminate the prevalence of iodine deficiency problem. Because of this special function, the state still enforces the mandatory plan management of salt. Salt is one of the few mandatory commodities under the conditions of a socialist market economy, and the operation of salt is guaranteed by salt law enforcement. This not only establishes the salt Industry in the special status of the national economy, but also salt seems to have become a market-oriented economy in a planning-based special industries.