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利用国际GNSS服务组织提供的总电子含量格网数据,从全球角度分析了电离层赤道异常的变化规律,并结合相关研究结论做了比较分析。首先,利用2011年3月21日(春分)的总电子含量格网数据分析了电离层赤道异常区域随时间变化的规律;然后,利用2000—2012年的总电子含量格网数据和太阳黑子数据,统计分析了120°E上空电离层赤道异常出现的地理纬度和强度的变化规律,并以2002年(太阳活动高年)和2008年(太阳活动低年)为例做了进一步分析。结果发现:电离层赤道异常区域随太阳直射点位置的变化,自东向西移动,分布在地磁赤道的两侧,具有南北半球的非对称特性;电离层赤道异常出现在当地时间T 12:00:00—T 16:00:00,日落后持续2~3h;电离层赤道异常峰值强度与太阳活动强度存在正相关关系;电离层赤道异常具有明显的季节变化规律,表现出了“半年度异常”和“冬季异常”现象。
Based on the global grid data of total electronic content provided by international GNSS service organizations, the variation law of the ionospheric equatorial anomaly is analyzed from a global perspective and compared with the related research conclusions. First, the law of the ionospheric equatorial anomalous area over time was analyzed by using the total electron content grid data of March 21, 2011 (equinox). Then, by using the total electron content grid data from 2000 to 2012 and sunspot data , The variation regularities of latitude and intensity of the ionospheric equatorial anomalies over the 120 ° E are statistically analyzed. The cases of 2002 (high solar activity year) and 2008 (low solar activity year) are further analyzed. The results show that the ionospheric equatorial anomalous region moves from east to west with the change of the position of the direct solar spot and distributes on both sides of the geomagnetic equator, which has the asymmetry characteristics in the northern and southern hemispheres. The ionospheric equatorial anomaly occurs at the local time T 12:00 : 00-T 16:00:00, lasted 2 ~ 3h after sunset; the ionospheric anomalous peak intensity and solar activity intensity has a positive correlation; the ionospheric equatorial anomalies have obvious seasonal variation, showing the “semi-annual Abnormal ”and“ winter abnormalities ”phenomenon.