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概念是在人类经验的基础上,通过认知模式和文化模式构建的,并同时依附于语言符号而获得意义。随着人类社会经济文化的发展,概念不断扩展,旧词产生了很多的新义,由此变为了多义词。多义词构成以其基本义为原型的语义范畴,每个扩展义都可以从其基本义中找到解释。词义扩展是语言的普遍现象。本文对比研究了中文和英文中词义扩展的异同,发现由于人类的一些相同的认知机制和体验基础,词义扩展的内部机制相同,但是,由于具体文化模式的差异,每种语言中各个词的具体演变过程不一样。
Concepts are based on human experience, constructed through cognitive and cultural patterns, and meanwhile attached to linguistic symbols. With the development of human society, economy and culture, the concept has been expanded, the old words have a lot of new meanings, thus becoming polysemous words. Polysemy constitutes the semantic category whose prototypes are the prototypes, each of which can be explained from its basic meaning. Word expansion is a universal phenomenon of language. This dissertation compares the similarities and differences of word meaning expansion in Chinese and English and finds that the internal mechanisms of word expansion are the same because of some similar cognition and experience of human beings. However, due to the difference of specific cultural patterns, each word in each language The specific evolution is not the same.