引言半导体固体电路的誕生是近年来固体电子器件方面最重大成就之一。这种电路是通过和制造晶体管相似的工艺,制造在一块半导体单晶薄片上,它的功能与某一电子电路相当。 現代国防对无綫电电子学設备的共同要求是:体积小,重量輕,耗电少,可靠性大。特别是空中飞行器(包括轰炸机、导弹、人造卫星、宇宙飞船等)和計算机对微型化和可靠性的要求更为迫切。 Introduction The birth of semiconductor solid-state circuits is one of the most significant achievements in solid-state electronics in recent years. This circuit is manufactured on a single semiconductor wafer by a process similar to that used to fabricate transistors, which function as much as an electronic circuit. Modern defense radio electronic equipment, the common requirements are: small size, light weight, low power consumption, reliability. In particular, the requirements for miniaturization and reliability of air vehicles (including bomber, missile, satellite, spacecraft, etc.) and computers are more pressing.