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目的了解2008-2009年中国部分地区脑膜炎奈瑟菌(Nm)分离株的抗生素敏感性变化趋势。方法药敏纸片扩散(K-B)法和E-test试纸条检测方法对本研究室2008-2009年收集的68株分离自患者和健康带菌者菌株进行体外抗菌药物敏感性检测。结果所有菌株对3种治疗药物头孢噻肟、头孢曲松和氯霉素均敏感,1株C群患者菌株对美洛培南耐药,13株对青霉素不敏感菌株,6株对氨苄西林不敏感菌株。6种预防用药组中,除1株Y群带菌者菌株对利福平耐药外,其他菌株对阿奇霉素、米诺环素和利福平均敏感,70.59%菌株对萘啶酸,72.06%对环丙沙星,95.59%对复方新诺明耐药。W135群带菌者菌株对青霉素和氨苄西林敏感株比例较大,2株对磺胺类药物敏感。患者菌株和带菌者菌株药敏谱略有不同。结论磺胺类和喹诺酮类药物仍不被考虑作为流脑的预防性药物,加强对青霉素和氨苄西林治疗药物在各种血清群Nm的耐药性监测。长期对Nm药敏监测非常必要,对流行性脑脊髓膜炎预防和治疗药物的选择应因时因地而宜。
Objective To investigate the change trend of antibiotic sensitivity of Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) isolates in some areas of China from 2008 to 2009. Methods Antibiotic susceptibility test of 68 isolates from patients and healthy carriers collected in our laboratory from 2008 to 2009 was conducted by using K-B method and E-test strip method. Results All the strains were sensitive to cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and chloramphenicol. All the three strains were resistant to meropenem, 13 strains were not susceptible to penicillin, 6 strains were not sensitive to ampicillin Sensitive strains. Among the six kinds of prophylaxis groups, all strains except Y strain were sensitive to azithromycin, minocycline and rifampin, while 70.59% were resistant to nalidixic acid, 72.06% to ring Ciprofloxacin, 95.59% of the compound cotrimoxazole resistance. W135 group of carriers of penicillin and ampicillin sensitive strains of a larger proportion of two strains of sulfa drugs sensitive. There is a slight difference in drug susceptibility between patient strains and carriers. Conclusions Sulfonamides and quinolones are still not considered as prophylactic agents for meningococcal disease and to strengthen surveillance of the drug resistance of penicillin and ampicillin in various serogroups of Nm. Long-term monitoring of drug sensitivity Nm is necessary for the prevention and treatment of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis drugs should be selected due to local circumstances.