一、引言为了查明电力设备的现状,判断是否需要检修或进行改造,以延长机组的运行寿命,现已十分关注对燃用矿物燃料的锅炉进行监察并对锅炉承压部件进行监察试验。其理由如下:1.许多发电站中的锅炉都是在二、三十年前设计的,几乎都是带基本负荷运行,且按每年的启动次数低于20次设计的;然而,如今许多电站把他们现有的锅炉改作周期运行来使用。目前,这些机组无论是长期带低负荷运行,还是经受每年启停次数高达两百次的考验,其 I. INTRODUCTION In order to ascertain the status quo of power equipment and determine whether it is necessary to overhaul or rebuild to prolong the operational life of the unit, monitoring of fossil fuel-fired boilers and boiler pressure-bearing components are now under intense monitoring. The reasons for this are as follows: 1. Many boilers in power stations were designed two or three decades ago and are almost always operated with basic load and are designed with less than 20 starts per year; however, many power plants today Use their existing boilers for periodic operations. At present, these units no matter long-term with low-load operation, or withstand the test of up to 200 times the number of start-stop each year, the