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二、土的流变特性土的流变性质是指土具有的随着时间的推移而逐渐改变骨架的应力应变大小关系的性质。流变现象包括蠕变(即骨架变形甚至在叵定应力作用下亦随时间而增长)、松弛(附加应力使土骨架产生变形,在保持变形恒定后,应力随时间逐渐减小)以及其他有关现象(如次固结和长期强度等现象)。土的强度随荷载乍用持续的时间长短而异。一般地说应力持续时间越长,土的强度越小,因而对应于荷载乍用的不同长短时间有不同的强度,此即长期强度。
Second, the rheological properties of soil The rheological properties of soil refers to the nature of the soil with the gradual change of the relationship between stress and strain of the skeleton over time. Rheological phenomena include creep (that is, the skeleton deformation even increases with time under constant stress), relaxation (addition of stress causes deformation of the soil skeleton, and the stress gradually decreases with time after the deformation is kept constant) and other related Phenomenon (such as secondary consolidation and long-term strength). The strength of soil varies with the duration of load. Generally speaking, the longer the stress duration, the smaller the strength of the soil, and thus the different strengths corresponding to the different lengths of time used for the load, ie the long-term strength.